Saturday, July 5, 2008

Why Droid Isn't the Answer

If you haven't heard, Droid is the new typeface that will drive the typography on the Android platform.

Currently, there is some discussion about using Droid for the Ubuntu default. I would be worried if this were the case, and this post will hopefully describe why I feel this way.

The Standard Gripes

I'd start by suggesting that changing a type without having a goal or a reason is probably the starting point. This is all standard part and parcel of my entire gripe with Ubuntu design; no audience and no goal. A simple starting point, but one without a goal. Why should we change the type at all?

This isn't to suggest for a second that I'm content with the typography in Ubuntu. The default type in Ubuntu speaks to the greater whole as being implemented without reason. It is also symptomatic of a franchise that cares extremely little about its art and design presence. Look no further than the default wordmark type for further cues. This is despite the fact that someone has attempted to bring more life into the default title font.

The Problem with Droid

When I first examined Droid, I noticed immediately that the font colour seemed distinctly odd. Knowing that I probably wasn't the only person to notice this, I wondered why this was the case. Droid was developed specifically for the Android platform - Google's foray into the world of phone and PDA operating systems. As such, I suspect the type colour had something to do with the context of the presentation. If your work is to appear on a three inch screen all day, I'd suggest that colour and stroke widths will probably be a factor. For example, consider the following sampling from Droid Sans:


Note how the kerning clogs up at points and creates a rather inconsistent text colour on the whole. This is obviously by design. Again, I would suggest that this choice was made in direct relation to the legibility on smaller screens. Having yet to test Android out, I'd probably guess that a default point size makes Droid Sans work remarkably well. In the above example, however, the kerning feels almost cluttered and irregular. Let's look at another sans type -- MgOpen Cosmetica:



Note the consistency of colour creating a more uniform character of texture at the same point size.

The Law of Clunk In Free Software

I fear Clunk. Clunk is everywhere in our Free Software world. What is clunk? Loosely, I'd describe Clunk as the pursue-at-all-costs anything that is heavy, blocky, and chunk-like. While some would like to try and persuade you that the broad outline / inner line of Tango is there in the name of usability, it certainly isn't usable for me. Square rigid lines or mathematical symmetry is one of Clunk's earmarks. If you can express it with math that an eight year old understands, it is probably fit for the stylized world of Clunk.

Droid isn't quite Clunk. That said, it certainly has elements that, when examined, might make it a distant relative of Clunk. I would also speculate that the Clunk factor is driven, again, by the contextual nature of Droid -- that of the three inch screen domain. Examine the following study of the serifs of Droid:



Note the heavy almost slab-like serif. Note the distinct rigidity of the top shelves. This, in conjunction with Droid's other stylings help to pull the overall feeling into a notion of heavy.

Compare now, with the serifs of MgOpen Canonica:



Of particular relevance here is the tapering of the serif (adnate) mixed with a subtle curve. If we look to the Art Nouveau movement, we have some of the most enduring techniques used time and time again to indicate ideas of elegance. Needless to say, willowy tapered lines and curves are a key component of that style. The above example will hopefully illustrate how those subtle cues pull a given face toward the more abstract notions of elegance.

Axis of Interests

Finally, I'd like to draw your attention to another of Droid's traits -- the axis. All of typography has its roots in human calligraphy. As type has evolved, the strokes that define the shapes have shifted through the times. Droid's axis is what one would describe as rationalist. The earmark of a rationalist look is that the axis falls perfectly vertical. Note the following visualization:



This rigid upright nature is again almost certainly related to the context. Alternate axis types might suffer somewhat on a smaller screen, depending of course on the hinting engine.

Ubuntu forwards the catch phrase "Linux for Human Beings" as part of its push. What is interesting is that in reality, no part of the overarching presentation really speaks of humanity. We have suffered through wave after wave of plastic gloss and stilted, poorly crafted swoops and curls. At some point, if Ubuntu were to actually try and execute a design that echoes humanity, we might consider using type as one of the driving forces.

Almost coincidentally, there is also an axis known as humanist. This comes from the fact that a calligraphic pen would have been held at a particular angle and scribed by hand. This yields an axis that is asymmetrical in nature. Once again, let's look at the MgOpen Canonica use of axis:


The difference should be self-explanatory. A little more human and a little more elegant.

Conclusion

All of this isn't intended to be a monologue against Droid. On the contrary, Droid will probably work wonderfully in its given context. This is a discussion as to what happens when something suffers from Design-By-Amoeba. There is no iterative evolution. There is no process to the thought and construction of the presentation. Ultimately, this becomes problematic for all aspects.

This brief examination by a rather dim-witted and terribly incoherent individual is nothing more than an attempt to highlight why Droid may not be quite suitable for a desktop environment. I can fully appreciate why some people might want to shake things up and make changes, and at some point, I sincerely hope change happens in Ubuntu, as Ubuntu truly deserves it.

With the idea of change, I'd also like to stress that change for change's sake is the path of pure folly. "We need beautiful fonts!" In what context? Is a font beautiful unto itself? "We need a dark theme!" Why? What other elements are being brought to the table? Who is the audience? What is the design trying to evoke?

I fear that too much of Ubuntu's attention to art and design is driven by outside forces. Do we care about type or is this yet again symptomatic of the "yes-we-really-do-care-and-now-we-hope-you-think-we-are-cultured" approach?

Thanks for reading and sorry if this bored the heck out of you. Leave a comment if you care, as in the end, I am nothing but the sum of your clicks.

18 comments:

Who said...

Awesome article Troy, lots there I didn't know :)

Do you have any thoughts specificaly on the Dorid Sans font - it is rare to use serif fonts for UIs - right? I assume the points about Kerning, Clunk and Axis are still valid, but perhaps there are some differences in requirements?

Vadi said...

I don't think the font should be changed to this Droid font, and I pretty much agree with your argument.

However the poll question of 'Ubuntu Design -- Agree or Disagree?' isn't exactly clear. Elaborate it please? Is this for the font, or something else?

Vadi said...

Nevermind my question, the poll is from a previous blog post.

Troy James Sobotka said...

@who:

I'd suggest that when we discuss fonts, we discuss a family. There are many people who develop eclectic one-attempt fonts, but not many of them push through like the masters and develop entire families.

When we speak of a family then, we would assume its system wide presence to help with the consistency. This means the browser rendering (of which Droid Serif would be prevalent) and the ever important interface. The consistency factor would help as a well-designed serif should feel great standing next to her brother sans and sister mono.

It would be of poor optics to suggest that 'Well we will only be using it for xxx or yyy.'

@Vadi:

My bad. I had a feeling that was going to happen. I also didn't think that anyone other than myself would be reading any of my dribble. ;)

Wonderboy™ said...

Absolutely fascinating concept.
It's unfortunate, though. The default fonts and theme for Ubuntu need a lot of work. They don't need a whole lot of gloss, they need to adopt some of the concepts you've discussed here.
Great stuff, wish I could've seen the images.

Mackenzie said...

So, I'm looking in Gnome Specimen at my fonts now, and I'm going through the serif fonts. Gentium is really a beautiful font. It reminds me quite a bit of Georgia. It'd be nice to have sans and mono versions of Gentium. The things I see that draw me to it are a lack of extremes for weight-changes (the thin parts don't get too thin), the roundness of the o's, the steeper angles of the thin parts on letters like m and p, and the nib-like way the tops of c's and s's end (rather than the round blob found on most fonts). I'd like to see those characteristics incorporated into other fonts.

Troy James Sobotka said...

@wonderboy:

Were the images on the blog a problem for you? If so, please let me know how I can assist...

@mackenzie:
Gentium is quite a beautiful serif. I used it as the anchor for the Fluxbuntu typography. The world of typefaces has some amazing artistry and nuances to it that you can't possibly appreciate without a little investment of reading / study.

Thanks for all of the comments. I am but the sum of your clicks...

Paul Kishimoto said...

Some links I like to throw around on the topic are [1] and [2].

AFAIK, the only really complete, DFSG-free families available are the current DejaVu/Bitstream Vera, and Liberation (courtesy Red Hat), which I use on my desktop. The lack of good, free fonts (among other things) has driven me to use LaTeX and the Charter package for most of my word processing.

When I read comments (here and elsewhere) saying that the Ubuntu fonts "need work," I sense a lack of awareness that font families are fundamentally different from, say, GTK themes. The average user with some aesthetic sense but little expertise can create a usable GTK theme, or a nice desktop background. I'm not a typographer (IANAT?), but I recognize that font design can't be done by community hacking—unless it's a community of typographers. No such group currently exists in the Ubuntu world; maybe one could be identified, given the large user base.

I think there was a clear reason the current default type was chosen: it was viewed as the best available DFSG-free font family... perhaps the only one. You might agree that this is a poor reason; but a reason it is. Now there are two (or more) but the methodology remains the same: pick an existing family. There is currently no expertise or funding available to do anything else.

As Canonical expands, perhaps they'll find someone to lead the creation and implementation of a design strategy. Maybe that person will be able to retain (a) typographer(s), or throw some resources at licensing and GPL-ing a font, as Red Hat did. Without establishing an ability to generate new typefaces, I don't see how Ubuntu can proceed much beyond simple type selection.

Anonymous said...

Some of the people at http://ospublish.constantvzw.org/ use Ubuntu, maybe they can help?

Anonymous said...

I didn't know Kerning, Clunk and Axis before and I can say I enjoyed reading your thoughts - I learned something.

I totally agree with Paul Kishimoto, font design isn't as easy as creating a GTK theme - I have been searching a lot...

I did try DejaVu and Red Hats Liberation fonts but until now I didn't find a real alternative to installing ubuntu-restricted-extras (ms-core-fonts, what is what most people do I suppose).

You are criticising Dorid, but you are not suggesting any thing.

I love the idea of ubuntu: "for human beings", I love the brown (I feels much better to my eyes than blue) and I would like to use a more "human" font - what's your suggestion?

patrihito

Troy James Sobotka said...

@patrihito:

The post was never meant to be my 'solution' to the default typeface. I certainly think it is a complicated area with limited (four?) choices that are realistic. The goal of this was to suggest that a switch to Droid without a design pattern or reason is probably no better than where we currently sit. I also never expect any of my posts to get any attention whatsoever, and as such, the breadth and depth of the posts are limited.

I do agree that most people tend to just stop at the classic (and completely useless) "is ugly" or "sucks" without actually investigating why one's reaction toward the work is as it is.

I do not quite agree that anyone is suggesting for a second that typeface creation is as easy as a GTK theme, unless I am missing something in the comments that someone else sees.

Troy James Sobotka said...

@patrihito

Also the term 'clunk' is purely mine. LOL. Don't go quoting that anywhere else. No one will know what you mean. ;)

ortmage said...

Troy, I really liked the analysis you did here. I've never seen a comparative analysis of fonts; it was very enlightening. Give us more!

Emily said...

*calligrapher dissolves into incoherent screaming*

Ow ow ow that is not a good humanist axis or example font. It would HURT to write like that. Ow ow ow! Angle too steep! Pen held wrong. Ow!

(your argument is good, but OW that illustration makes my hand hurt)

More seriously, you just summed up why one of the first things I do to any OS is fix the fonts to something tolerable. I hate it when the kerning is something that makes my hand ache and gives me the constant urge to rewrite my screen so it is not embarrassing. It is awful when my computer looks like a badly done writing exercise. I hate it when there's a damn sans serif font staring at me, because if I want to keep using it I have to do careful checking that the letterforms are good and do not have stupid errors where I and l and 1 are almost identical. (usually, I don't even want to take that much time, so I nuke it for something where I know the letterforms will be ok). I also usually find at least one or two fonts misclassed as sans serif in the name when they've got serifing, and then I want to stab the type designer because they don't know how to write.

For all that Apple caters to the artistic, they don't cater to me. No OS maker does really. Graphic designers have a very different aesthetic about fonts than someone who does fonts by hand with pen and ink.

sandeep said...

There are some alternatives that exist like Cantarell (GPLed). Would love to see an analysis about that... or even Gentium.

I usually check out new free fonts from SmashingMagazine and try them out on my linux desktop.

Incidentally, how about doing one for programmer fonts - monospaced fonts. One perennial favorite being Inconsolata.

Troy James Sobotka said...

@sandeep:

Wow. I have had a good number of requests to 'analyze' a font or family because of this post, but to be honest I fear it misses the point.

Interesting suggestion on programming choices though. I believe one could likely arrive at a reasonable series of constraints on one's own.

I am not a programmer, although I have peers that do code. If the context is programming, monospace for alignment factors. While serifs lend to horizontal flow, are there elements that lend to vertical flow for recognition of alignment indents? What is the context point size? What face supports hinting that lends to programming at that size? Does colour matter? In what way? Does irregular colour help a coder spot her whitespace better or does consistent colour work well?

Interesting questions to be sure. All, again, governed by audience and context.

In short, not what but why?

Paul Kishimoto said...

Some links I like to throw around on the topic are [1] and [2].

AFAIK, the only really complete, DFSG-free families available are the current DejaVu/Bitstream Vera, and Liberation (courtesy Red Hat), which I use on my desktop. The lack of good, free fonts (among other things) has driven me to use LaTeX and the Charter package for most of my word processing.

When I read comments (here and elsewhere) saying that the Ubuntu fonts "need work," I sense a lack of awareness that font families are fundamentally different from, say, GTK themes. The average user with some aesthetic sense but little expertise can create a usable GTK theme, or a nice desktop background. I'm not a typographer (IANAT?), but I recognize that font design can't be done by community hacking—unless it's a community of typographers. No such group currently exists in the Ubuntu world; maybe one could be identified, given the large user base.

I think there was a clear reason the current default type was chosen: it was viewed as the best available DFSG-free font family... perhaps the only one. You might agree that this is a poor reason; but a reason it is. Now there are two (or more) but the methodology remains the same: pick an existing family. There is currently no expertise or funding available to do anything else.

As Canonical expands, perhaps they'll find someone to lead the creation and implementation of a design strategy. Maybe that person will be able to retain (a) typographer(s), or throw some resources at licensing and GPL-ing a font, as Red Hat did. Without establishing an ability to generate new typefaces, I don't see how Ubuntu can proceed much beyond simple type selection.

Vadi said...

I don't think the font should be changed to this Droid font, and I pretty much agree with your argument.

However the poll question of 'Ubuntu Design -- Agree or Disagree?' isn't exactly clear. Elaborate it please? Is this for the font, or something else?

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